Therapy practical exam videos for 6th year MD
- Bristow Francis
- Jun 15, 2021
- 4 min read
I. Head and neck. (a. The lymphatic system and lymph nodes.) 1. Palpation of the cervical lymph nodes. (b. The cardiovascular system.)
2. Palpation of arterial pulses: The carotid artery. 3. Estimation of сentral venous pressure (CVP). https://youtu.be/baxNxWIWdK8
4. Estimation of сentral venous pressure (CVP) with hepato-jugular reflux.
(c. The endocrine system.) 5. Palpation of the thyroid gland from behind. https://youtu.be/Ed2WE7heOdU
6. Palpation of the thyroid gland from the front. https://youtu.be/V0gNa-ueFpY
II. Thorax. (a. The cardiovascular system.) 7. Inspection of the precordium. 8. Palpation of the precordium: Apical impulse / point of maximal impulse. 9. Palpation of the precordium: Right ventricular (RV) impulse / RV heave. 10. Palpation of the precordium: Palpation of the RV in the epigastric/subxiphoid area. 11. Palpation of the precordium: Thrills. https://youtu.be/ZTTN3PIIeQ4
12. Precordial percussion of cardiac dullness: Left, right and upper borders. https://youtu.be/5cm1dsxm0d8 https://youtu.be/lDhrFN-oM5U
13. Precordial percussion: Width of the retromanubrial dullness. 14. Precordial auscultation in the five areas/points of the chest. https://youtu.be/wHw8ivk_7uY
15. Precordial auscultation with the simulator SAMII. (See the List including patterns of abnormal heart sounds and murmurs.) 16. Auscultation for cardiac rate and rhythm, and for pulse deficit. https://youtu.be/9MVnwbUVFh4
(b. The respiratory system.) 17. Inspection of the posterior and anterior chest: Chest shape. https://youtu.be/VNZgbKxaJ_w
18. Inspection of the posterior chest: Thoracic spine profile. https://youtu.be/5_txE56X2-8
19. Inspection of the posterior and anterior chest: Respiratory rate and rhythm. 20. Inspection of the posterior and anterior chest: Type of breathing 21. Inspection of the posterior and anterior chest: Movements of the chest. 22. Palpation of the posterior and anterior chest: Identification of tenderness. 23. Palpation of the posterior and anterior chest: Assessment of chest expansion (excursion of the upper thorax, anterior middle thorax, posterior lower chest, and costal margins). 24. Vibratory palpation of the lungs and pleura: Assessment of tactile vocal fremitus. 25. Palpation of the anterior chest: Assessment of the position of the mediastinum (examining the trachea and cardiac apex beat). https://youtu.be/njeOkdFKW_g
26. Definitive chest percussion: The height of standing of lung apices. https://youtu.be/lVBFr-1_b7c
27. Definitive chest percussion: The Kroenig isthmus. https://youtu.be/PrWDCWhPkVU
28. Definitive chest percussion: Lower border of the right anterior lung; the upper border of the liver. https://youtu.be/SM0o6-EeAxQ
29. Definitive chest percussion: Lower border of the left anterior lung; the Traube semilunar space. 30. Definitive chest percussion: Lower border of the posterior lung. 31. Comparative percussion of the lungs for a percussion note. https://youtu.be/mOxf5_rudys
32. Definitive percussion of the lungs: Estimation of the extent of diaphragmatic excursion. 33. Auscultation of the lungs with a simulator: (See the List including patterns of normal / abnormal breath sounds and added lung sounds.) 34. Auscultation of vocal sounds: Vocal resonance / bronchophony. https://youtu.be/m9RCkQrLUvQ
35. Auscultation of vocal sounds: Whispered pectoriloquy https://youtu.be/P_IoDaDzPz0
(c. The lymphatic system and lymph nodes.) 36. Palpation of axillary, infraclavicular and supraclavicular lymph nodes. https://youtu.be/ZH4IUpBxOag
III. Abdomen and lumbar. (a. The cardiovascular system.) 37. Palpation of arterial pulses: The common femoral artery. 38. Palpation of the abdominal aorta. 39. Assessment for presence of peripheral edema in a decubitus patient. (b. The lymphatic system and lymph nodes.) 40. Palpation of the inguinal lymph nodes. (c. The gastrointestinal system.) 41. Inspection of the abdomen: Assessment of shape (abnormal abdominal contours and distention), umbilicus, abdominal movements, pulsations, dilated veins, peristalsis, hernial sites, and skin over the abdomen. 42. Auscultation of the abdomen: Assessment of peristaltic sounds, arterial bruit, venous hum. https://youtu.be/iAk_eChC0bg https://youtu.be/uuDDiT_1iJU
43. Percussion of the abdomen: Assessing possible ascites – test for shifting dullness, horseshoe shaped dullness, and fluid wave (thrill). https://youtu.be/Eog7addNRwc
44. Percussion of the abdomen: Estimation of the borders and size of the liver dullness. https://youtu.be/2bVWoKSksU4
45. Percussion of the abdomen: Estimation of the borders and size of the splenic dullness. https://youtu.be/7DrkFch6HA4
46. Palpation of the abdomen: Light (superficial) abdominal palpation. https://youtu.be/AqgM6bfBSog
47. Palpation of the abdomen: Deep abdominal palpation in all four quadrants. 48. Palpation of the abdomen: Assessment for peritoneal inflammation – “rebound tenderness”. https://youtu.be/bwE5b8j9Ors
49. Rovsing’s sign and “referred rebound tenderness” in appendicitis. https://youtu.be/AMPCBjgrboU
50. Palpation of the colon. https://youtu.be/_1G5Q2keX7k
51. Palpation of the liver. https://youtu.be/FV7-X4GKMCw
52. Murphy’s sign in acute cholecystitis. https://youtu.be/uo0_qxZR-vQ
53. Palpation of the spleen. (d. The renal system.) https://youtu.be/Y1stiVoKaZY
54. Palpation of the right and left kidneys. https://youtu.be/6MhlDuakszI
55. Assessment for tenderness over the renal (costovertebral) angles (Pasternacki's sign). https://youtu.be/sCZr8uqw_c4
(e. The musculoskeletal system.) 56. Examination of the lumbar spine: Inspection and palpation – the test on the patient’s range of active movement. 57. Examination of the sacro-iliac joints: Inspection and palpation of the joints – the tests. IV. Extremities. (a. The cardiovascular system.) 58. Measurement of arterial blood pressure indirectly by sphygmomanometry (Korotkoff sounds). 59. Palpation of arterial pulses: The brachial, radial, popliteal, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis arteries. https://youtu.be/R6lHhXwGYqM https://youtu.be/Gdpa2j_zFsM
60. Capillary pulsation. 61. Assessment for presence of peripheral edema in an ambulatory patient. https://youtu.be/hQ7ffDJ7eKA
V. Nerve system. 62. Assessment of conscious level with the Glasgow Coma Score. 63. Examination of gait: Romberg’s test. https://youtu.be/p6thfQmxx2E
64. Examination for coordination: The finger–nose test, and the heel–on–shin test.
65. Signs of meningeal irritation: Kernig’s sign, neck stiffness, and Brudzinski’s sign.
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